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About
Edit
Mandarin Chinese has 21 consonants and 16 vowels. They can be combined together to create more than 400 mono-syllabic sounds.[1] As a tonal language, Mandarin Chinese also have 4 main tones and a neutral tones that distinct different characters by using their tones. However, tones are usually ignored when composing lyrics.
Chinese VOCALOIDs Edit
Mandarin is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. However, when taken as a whole there are a estimated 1 billion speakers of the language; the most of any language in the world.
ChinaEdit
The phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of China, is modeled on Beijing Mandarin.
TaiwanEdit
Standard Chinese is also spoken in Taiwan. The phonology is slightly different; many Taiwanese usually pronounce retroflex (zh, ch, sh) consonants as alveolar consonants (z, c, s) due to influence from Hokkien. When they do (e.g. in formal situations), they pronounce retroflexes softer than in standard Mandarin.
JapanEdit
Japanese-Mandarin accented VOCALOIDs are produced by those who came from Japan. Their voice providers have the Japanese language as their native language, but were used to produce Mandarin-Chinese voicebanks. Therefore the Japanese-Mandarin accent is a non-native Mandarin accent, showing significant and notorious differences in comparison to the native Mandarin accents.
Phonetic chartEdit
| Symbol | Classification | IPA Symbol / Name | Pinyin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | Final | ä | ba | |
| o | Final | ɔ / u̯ɔ | po | |
| 7 | Final | ɤ~ɯ̯ɤ | ke | |
| i | Final | i | ji, yi | |
| u | Final | u | fu, wu | |
| y | Final | y | ju, qu, xu, nü, lü, yu | |
| @` | Final | ɑɻ~ɚ | er | |
| i\ | Final | ɨ | zi, ci, si | |
| i` | Final | ɨ˞ | zhi, chi, shi, ri | |
| aI | Final | aɪ̯ | sai | |
| ei | Final | eɪ̯ | fei | |
| AU | Final | ɑʊ̯ | hao | |
| @U | Final | ɤʊ̯ | hou | |
| ia | Final | i̯ä | xia, ya | |
| iE_r | Final | i̯e̞ | jie, ye | |
| ua | Final | u̯ä | kua, wa | |
| uo | Final | u̯ɔ | huo , wo | |
| yE_r | Final | y̯e̞ | jue, que, xue, nüe, lüe, yue | |
| iAU | Final | i̯ɑʊ̯ | xiao, yao | |
| i@U | Final | i̯ɤʊ̯~i̯oʊ̯ | jiu, you | |
| uaI | Final | u̯aɪ̯ | kuai, wai | |
| uei | Final | u̯eɪ̯ | gui, wei | |
| a_n | Final | an | fan | |
| @_n | Final | ən | fen | |
| i_n | Final | in | xin, yin | |
| iE_n | Final | i̯ɛn | qian, yan | |
| ua_n | Final | u̯an | duan, wan | |
| u@_n | Final | u̯ən | dun, wen | |
| y_n | Final | yn | xun, yun | |
| y{_n | Final | y̯ɛn~yan | xuan, yuan | |
| AN | Final | ɑŋ | pang | |
| @N | Final | əŋ~ɤŋ | beng | |
| iN | Final | iŋ | xing, ying | |
| iAN | Final | i̯ɑŋ | xiang, yang | |
| uAN | Final | u̯ɑŋ | chuang, wang | |
| u@N | Final | u̯əŋ~uɤŋ | weng | |
| UN | Final | ʊŋ | dong | |
| iUN | Final | i̯ʊŋ | xiong, yong | |
| p | Initial | p | bo | |
| p_h | Initial | pʰ | po | |
| m | Initial | m | mo | |
| f | Initial | f | fo | |
| t | Initial | t | de | |
| t_h | Initial | tʰ | te | |
| n | Initial | n | ne | |
| l | Initial | l | le | |
| k | Initial | k | ge | |
| k_h | Initial | kʰ | ke | |
| x | Initial | x~ | he | |
| ts\ | Initial | t͡ɕ | ji | |
| ts\_h | Initial | t͡ɕʰ | qi | |
| s\ | Initial | ɕ | xi | |
| ts` | Initial | ʈ͡ʂ | zhi | |
| ts`_h | Initial | ʈ͡ʂʰ | chi | |
| s` | Initial | ʂ | shi | |
| z` | Initial | ɻ~ʐ | ri | |
| ts | Initial | t͡s | zi | |
| ts_h | Initial | t͡sʰ | ci | |
| s | Initial | s | si |
ReferencesEdit
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